Thongchai Thailand

WE OFTEN FIND IN THE CLIMATE CHANGE SKEPTICISM LITERATURE THE ARGUMENT AGAINST ANTHROPOGENIC GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE CHANGE PRESENTED IN TERMS OF THE LAST 8,000 YEARS OF THE TEMPERATURE CHART SHOWN ABOVE. THIS 8,000-YEAR OVERALL COOLING TREND IS PRESENTED BY SKEPTICS TO CLAIM THAT SINCE THE OVERALL TREND IN THE LAST 8,000 YEARS OF THE HOLOCENE INTERGLACIAL IS A COOLING TREND, THE CURRENT WARMING CYCLE OF THE HOLOCENE ISN’T REALLY A WARMING CYCLE AND THAT THEREFORE THE CHART PRESENTED ABOVE DISPROVES THE CLIMATE SCIENCE CLAIM TO GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE CHANGE SINCE THE END OF THE LITTLE ICE AGE OR SINCE THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ABOUT 200 YEARS AGO.

AT THE SAME TIME WHAT WE SEE IN TEMPERATURE CHARTS OVER LONG TIME SCALES SUCH AS THE ONE PRESENTED ABOVE, IS THAT HOLOCENE TEMPERATURES, AND INTERGLACIAL TEMPERATURES IN GENERAL, TEND TO GO THROUGH ALTERNATING WARMING AND COOLING CYCLES AT CENTENNIAL AND MILLENNIAL TIME SCALES AS EXPLAINED IN A RELATED POST ON THIS SITE LINKED BELOW:

THE TEMPERATURE CYCLES OF THE HOLOCENE: https://tambonthongchai.com/2022/01/05/holocene-global-warming-and-climate-change-cycles/

THE GLOBAL WARMING/CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUE OF OUR TIME IS NOT THE 8,000-YEAR TEMPERATURE HISTORY OF THE HOLOCENE BUT ITS CENTENNIAL AND MILLENNIAL TIME SCALE TEMPERATURE CYCLES DESCRIBED IN THE DOCUMENT LINKED ABOVE. IN THAT CONTEXT, THE CLIMATE SCIENCE CLAIM IS NOT AN 8,000-YEAR WARMING CYCLE BUT 100-200 YEAR TEMPERATURE CYCLE THAT SHOWS RISING GLOBAL MEAN SURFACE TEMPERATURE WHICH CLIMATE SCIENCE HAS ATTRIBUTED TO HUMAN ACTIVITY IN THE FORM OF HUMANS BURNING FOSSIL FUELS SINCE THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION.

ANY CHALLENGE TO THIS CLIMATE SCIENCE CLAIM MUST ADDRESS THE CLAIM AS PRESENTED BY CLIMATE SCIENCE IN TERMS OF TIME SCALE. THE 8,000-YEAR GLOBAL COOLING ARGUMENT AGAINST THE CLIMATE SCIENCE ALARM OF GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE CHANGE SINCE THE LITTLE ICE AGE OR SINCE THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION SUFFERS FROM A TIME SCALE FALLACY. THE CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUE OF OUR TIME IS NOT WHAT THE OVERALL TEMPERATURE TREND HAS BEEN OVER AN 8,000 – YEAR TIME SCALE. IT IS VERY SPECIFICALLY, THE PRESENTATION BY CLIMATE SCIENCE OF RISING GMST SINCE THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION OR SINCE THE END OF THE LITTLE ICE AGE.

IN YET ANOTHER RELATED POST: LINK: https://tambonthongchai.com/2021/11/09/the-issue-is-human-cause/ WE SHOW THAT THE WARMING AND COOLING CYCLES OF INTERGLACIALS AT CENTENNIAL AND MILLENNIAL TIME SCALES IS THE NORM AND WHAT NATURALLY HAPPENS AND THAT THEREFORE THAT THE CURRENT WARMING TREND FOLLOWING THE LITTLE ICE AGE COOLING TREND IS THE NORM IN WHAT NATURE DOES ALL BY ITSELF AND IT DOES NOT NEED HUMAN CAUSE TO EXPLAIN. THE ISSUE IS NOT WHETHER IT IS WARMING OR COOLING FOR 8,000 YEARS. THE ISSUE IS WHETHER THIS PARTICULAR WARMING CYCLE OF THE HOLOCENE AT A CENTENNIAL TIME SCALE IS HUMAN CAUSED.

LINK: https://tambonthongchai.com/2021/11/09/the-issue-is-human-cause/

IT IS CLAIMED THAT ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IS HARMFUL TO THE ENVIRONMENT AND ALSO TO HUMAN HEALTH AND WELFARE. THE ODDITY OF THE CLAIM IS THAT ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ARE NATURAL AND THE STATE OF THE PLANET IN WHICH LIFE. INCLUDING HUMANS, EVOLVED ON EARTH. SO HOW CAN A CONDITION UNDER WHICH WE EVOLVED BE DOING US IN? WHAT WE FIND IN THE LANGUAGE USED FOR THE HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IS THAT HUMAN CREATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IS AT A HIGHER FREQUENCY AND SHORTER WAVELENGTH THAN NATURAL ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION, AND IS THERFORE NOT COMPARABLE TO NATURAL RADIATION. THERE ARE OTHER SIMILAR ARGUMENTS.

HERE ARE SOME EXAMPLES OF HOW THIS HYPOTHESIS IS STATED.

EXAMPLE#1: GREMIAUX ET-AL 2016: It is now accepted that plants perceive high-frequency electromagnetic field (HF-EMF). We wondered if the HF-EMF signal is integrated further in planta as a chain of reactions leading to a modification of plant growth. We exposed whole small ligneous plants (rose bush) whose growth could be studied for several weeks. We performed exposures at two different development stages (rooted cuttings bearing an axillary bud and 5-leaf stage plants), using two high frequency (900 MHz) field amplitudes (5 and 200 V m−1). We achieved a tight control on the experimental conditions using a state-of-the-art stimulation device (Mode Stirred Reverberation Chamber) and specialized culture-chambers. After the exposure, we followed the shoot growth for over a one-month period. We observed no growth modification whatsoever exposure was performed on the 5-leaf stage plants. When the exposure was performed on the rooted cuttings, no growth modification was observed on Axis I (produced from the elongation of the axillary bud). Likewise, no significant modification was noted on Axis II produced at the base of Axis I, that came from pre-formed secondary axillary buds. In contrast, Axis II produced at the top of Axis I, that came from post-formed secondary buds consistently displayed a delayed and significant reduced growth (45%). The measurements of plant energy uptake from HF-EMF in this exposure condition (SAR of 7.2 10−4 W kg−1) indicated that this biological response is likely not due to thermal effect. These results suggest that exposure to electromagnetic field only affected development of post-formed organs. CONCLUSION: Low-amplitude, high-frequency electromagnetic field exposure causes delayed and reduced growth in Rosa hybrida

EXAMPLE#2: HINRIKUS ETAL 2021: WE THINK FOUND THE RADIO FREQUENCIES THAT HARM THE HUMAN BRAIN BUT IT’S COMPLICATED: The analyses of the physical model of nonthermal mechanisms of RF EMF effect leads to conclusion that no principal threshold of the effect can be determined. According to the review of experimental data, the rate of detected RF EMF effects is 76.7% in resting EEG studies, 41.7% in sleep EEG and 38.5% in behavioral studies. The changes in EEG probably appear earlier than alterations in behavior become evident. The lowest level of RF EMF at which the effect in EEG was detected is 2.45 V/m (SAR = 0.003 W/kg). There is a preliminary indication that the dependence of the effect on the level of exposure follows rather field strength than SAR alterations. However, no sufficient data are available for clarifying linearity-nonlinearity of the dependence of effect on the level of RF EMF. The finding that only part of people are sensitive to RF EMF exposure can be related to immunity to radiation or hypersensitivity. The changes in EEG caused by RF EMF appeared similar in the majority of analyzed studies and similar to these in depression. The possible causal relationship between RF EMF effect and depression among young people is highly important problem {and so we wish our findings could have been more conclusive but they aren’t.

EXAMPLE#3: MARKOV ETAL 2009: ON MAGNETO-THERAPY IN MEDICINE: Various types of magnetic and electromagnetic fields are now in successful use in modern medicine. Electromagnetic therapy carries the promise to heal numerous health problems, even where conventional medicine has failed. Today, magnetotherapy provides a non invasive, safe, and easy method to directly treat the site of injury, the source of pain and inflammation, and a variety of diseases and pathologies. Millions of people worldwide have received help in treatment of the musculoskeletal system, as well as for pain relief. Pulsed electromagnetic fields are one important modality in magnetotherapy. Recent technological innovations, implementing advancements in computer technologies, offer excellent state-of-the-art therapy. THE SHORT ANSWER: ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS CAN BE USED TO HEAL HUMANS SO THEREFORE THERE IS SOME KIND OF CONNECTION BETWEEN ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND HEALTH.

CONCLUSION:

THE ESSENCE OF THE ISSUE HERE ARISES FROM GOOD EVIDENCE IN MEDICAL APPLICATION OF SHORT WAVE RADIATION THERAPY THAT THERE IS A CONNECTION BETWEEN RADIATION AND HEALTH AND THAT OPENS UP THE POSSIBILITY OF HARMFUL IMPACTS AND IF YOU LOOK HARD ENOUGH IN NATURE SUCH AS PLANTS AND OTHER CREATURES, THERE ARE CERTAIN DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH OF THESE LIFE FORMS THAT MAY HAVE AN EXPLANATION IN TERMS OF HUMAN CREATIONS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION THAT HAS A SHORTER WAVELENGTH THAN THE NATURAL RADIATION IN WHICH LIVE EVOLVED ON EARTH.

THE ONLY SIGNIFICANT SOURCE OF THIS HUMAN CAUSED SHORT WAVE ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION THAT HAS BEEN IDENTIFIED BY RESEARCHERS IN THIS FIELD IS THE UBIQUITOUS ELECTRICITY POWER GRID OF THE HUMANS. IT IS THEREFORE PROPOSED THAT THIS KIND OF HUMAN CREATION OF SHORT WAVE RADIATION IS AN ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUE BECAUSE THE SHORT WAVE ANTHROPOGENIC RADIATION THUS CAUSED COULD HARM THE ENVIRONMENT THAT IS UNDERSTOOD AS THE LIFE FORMS SUCH AS PLANTS, TREES, AND THE CREATURES THAT LIVE NEAR POWER GRIDS.

YET, WHAT WE SEE HERE IN THAILAND IS THAT MONKEYS USE THE POWER GRID AS A HIGHWAY ACROSS TOWN AND SPEND A CONSIDERABLE AMOUNT OF TIME ACTUALLY WALKING ON THE GRID OR HANGING FROM THE WIRES. NO HARMFUL IMPACT OF THIS LIFESTYLE OF THE MONKEYS IS APPARENT AND NONE IS REPORTED IN THE ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE ENVIRONMENTALISM LITERATURE. CLEARLY, THE ISSUES RAISED IN ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION ENVIRONMENTALISM ARE NOT WELL UNDERSTOOD.

LINK TO SOURCE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U-52L7hYQiE&t=90s

WHAT THE SOURCE YOUTUBE VIDEO SAYS

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THIS IS A STORY ABOUT TOURISM AND A WORLD ON THE MOVE. TOURISM IS WIDELY REGARDED AS A BENIGN INDUSTRY, A WIN-WIN FOR BOTH THE TOURISTS AND THE LOCALS BECAUSE THE LOCALS BENEFIT FROM THE JOBS THAT TOURISM CREATES. BUT IN 2017, EVERYTHING CHANGED.

This is a powerful documentary exploring Overtourism. It features interviews with local residents and global experts.

THE BIG PROBLEM: TOO MANY TOURISTS.

HERE IS WHAT THE GOOD TOURISM LOOKS LIKE

MY NAME IS ??JUSTINFRONT??.

MUCH OF MY LIFE MY WORK HAS BEEN DEDICATED TO TRAVEL

MY TRAVEL HAS BEEN DEDICATED TO ENRICHING PEOPLE’S LIVES IN THE WARM EMBRACE OF THE LOCAL PEOPLE. AND SO THIS IS THE REAL TOURISM AND THE MADNESS OF CROWDS THAT YOU SAW ABOVE IS THIS TRUE SPIRIT OF TOURISM GONE BAD.

CONCLUSION:

BEING THE GOOD AND KIND AND CARING WHITE MAN THAT TRAVELS THE WORLD OF THE DECREPIT DARKIES WITH THE RACIST NEED TO ENRICH THE OTHERWISE WORTHLESS LIVES OF THESE DARKIES IS THE TRUE AND CARING TOURISM AND WHAT WE ARE SEEING NOW IS THE SAD CASE OF TOURISM GONE BAD WHERE THE UNCARING WHITE MAN TRAVELS THE WORLD JUST TO HAVE FUN.

THIS POST IS A CRITICAL REVIEW OF MEDIA ARTICLES ABOUT JOE MANCHIN

PART-1: WHAT THE MEDIA SAYS

The West Virginia senator’s name is reviled on the streets of Bangladesh and other countries facing climate disaster as he blocks Biden’s effort to curb planet-heating gases. Within the brutal machinations of US politics, Joe Manchin has been elevated to a status of supreme decision-maker, the man who could make or break Joe Biden’s presidency. Internationally, his new fame has been received with puzzlement and growing bitterness, as countries already ravaged by the climate crisis brace themselves for the US – history’s largest ever emitter of planet-heating gases – again failing to pass major climate legislation. Who gave Manchin the authority to decide the fate of the planet? For six months, Manchin has refused to support a sweeping bill to lower emissions, stymieing its progress in an evenly split US Senate where Republicans uniformly oppose climate action. Failure to pass the Build Back Better Act risks wounding Biden politically but the ramifications reverberate far beyond Washington, particularly in developing countries increasingly at the mercy of disastrous climate change.“He’s a villain, he’s a threat to the globe,” said Saleemul Huq, director of the International Centre for Climate Change and Development, based in Bangladesh. “If you talk to the average citizen in Dhaka, they will know who Joe Manchin is. The level of knowledge of American politics here is absolutely amazing, we know about the filibuster and the Senate and so on. What the Americans do or don’t do on climate will impact the world and it’s incredible that this one coal lobbyist is holding things up. It will cause very bad consequences for us in Bangladesh, unfortunately.”The often tortuous negotiations between Manchin, the White House and Democratic leaders appeared doomed on 19 December when the West Virginia senator said he could not support the $1.75tn bill, citing concerns over inflation and the national debt. The latest twist caused anguish to those who see their futures being decided by a previously obscure politician located thousands of miles away. “I’ve been following the situation closely,” said Tina Stege, climate envoy for the Marshall Islands, a low-lying Pacific nation that risks being wiped out by rising sea levels. “We have to halve emissions in this decade and can’t do it without strong, immediate action by the US. A photo taken in December shows high-tide flooding hitting low sections of Majuro Atoll in the Marshall Islands.
A photo taken on 6 December 2021 shows high-tide flooding hitting low sections of Majuro Atoll in the Marshall Islands. Stege said the Marshall Islands was already suffering the impacts of the climate crisis and if the US doesn’t slash its emissions the outcomes for countries like mine are unthinkable. Even America’s closest allies have looked on in dismay as a single lawmaker from Biden’s own party has stalled what would be the biggest and arguably first piece of climate legislation in the US’s plodding, and often rancorous, history of dealing with escalating global heating. Biden has done a fair bit in very challenging circumstances but in Canada we look on with bewilderment because it’s such a different political context. It’s very bizarre,” said Catherine McKenna, who was environment minister in Justin Trudeau’s government that introduced carbon pricing in 2019. Politics is hard but I don’t think anyone has given up. We just really hope they are able to get a deal. McKenna said she was vilified by some Canadian provincial premiers who “fought to the death” against carbon pricing but that there was now broader support for climate action across the country, including within industry, than in the US. It’s unfortunate that Manchin is just one person that is holding up something that’s so critically important. Joe Manchin is a problem, and I think he needs to be called out,” said Ed Davey, a British MP who was previously the UK’s secretary of state for energy and climate change. “It’s in the US interest, in the interest of West Virginia and elsewhere, to take advantage of green zero-carbon technology, which is the future. Davey, who is now leader of the Liberal Democrats, warned that the US risks ceding leadership in clean energy to China if it doesn’t act. People will end up paying higher prices, jobs will go and not be created, the security of America will be reduced, Beijing will be laughing,” he said, adding that Manchin was in effect “working on behalf of the Chinese government” by not supporting the transition away from fossil fuels. China used last year’s Cop26 climate talks in Scotland to “insidiously point out to every country that US just can’t implement”, said Rachel Kyte, dean of The Fletcher School at Tufts University and a climate adviser to the UN secretary general. Kyte said many governments believe Biden is well-meaning but cannot follow through on his commitments, a frustration compounded by a lack of American action on related areas, such as climate finance for poorer countries. There’s almost a resentment that the US just can’t deliver,” she added. “There’s this sinking feeling about the politics of America. You can’t turn your back on the US because it’s still the biggest economy, but what are countries supposed to do?”Much of this angst is now being channeled towards Manchin. After more than a decade in national politics, the 74-year-old senator has suddenly garnered a level of infamy far beyond his fiefdom of West Virginia, where the centrist Democrat has served as governor and senator while reaping millions of dollars through his personal investments and campaign contributions from a coal industry that continues to loom large in his state. It’s a situation that has caused bafflement overseas. Young demonstrators for climate action in places like Dhaka, Bangladesh demand that world leaders like Manchin be imprisoned for not taking environmental measures that affect the world. Who is Manchin, the Dem senator from West Virginia who betrayed Biden?” La Repubblica in Italy has demanded. Clarín, a newspaper in Argentina, has called Manchin a “rebelde” and a “tycoon with ties to the mining structure of West Virginia, the other Virginia of the USA”. Helsingin Sanomat, a Finnish newspaper, also noted Manchin’s links to the fossil fuel industry and lamented that he has “disagreed with the most ambitious climate action” put forward by the US. The negotiations with Manchin involve stakes far greater than any normal political maneuvering in Washington. The world is already being strafed by wildfires, heatwaves, floods and societal instability wrought by the climate crisis and rising temperatures are on track to breach limits set by governments in the Paris climate accords, a situation that would push some parts of the world beyond human livability. Salvaging this situation will be virtually impossible without swift action by the US, the world’s second largest carbon polluter and a major oil and gas exporter. Analysts say the half a trillion dollars of support for renewable energy and electric cars in the Build Back Better bill would give the US a decent chance of cutting its emissions in half this decade, which Biden and scientists say is imperative to avoid climate breakdown. But Manchin’s opposition has already ensured the removal of a key element of the bill, a plan to force utilities to phase in clean energy over time, and the prospect of him joining Republicans to block the overall package has seen him come under intense criticism within the US. Climate activists have confronted Manchin in Washington and kayaked to his yacht to remonstrate with him. Some fellow Democrats say he has “failed the American people”. Even the Sunday Gazette, the local paper of Charleston, West Virginia, has run a headline of ‘We need this so bad’, in reference to the bill. All this has been to little effect, although Manchin did say earlier this month there could still be agreement on “the climate thing”, offering some vague hope to activists while not quite quelling their anger. “Senator Manchin is a fossil-fueled sociopath on a Maserati joyride while he lets the world burn,” said Janet Redman, climate campaign director at Greenpeace USA. “At the end of the day, Manchin cares less about his constituents than he does about the fossil fuel industry. The current, floundering attempt to pass climate legislation is a grimly familiar episode in a lengthy record of American inadequacy. Donald Trump donned a coal miner’s helmet on the campaign trail and removed the US from the Paris climate deal. Barack Obama failed to get cap-and-trade legislation past a recalcitrant Congress. George W Bush rejected the Kyoto climate accords. In 1993, a previous Democratic senator from West Virginia, Robert Byrd, blocked a Bill Clinton plan to tax carbon emissions. Manchin is, in some respects, a “fall guy” for a deeper American political dysfunction over the climate crisis, Kyte said. “If Republicans weren’t in the lock-grip of certain vested interests, if they had a policy on climate adaptation or green jobs for the future, Joe Manchin wouldn’t have the influence he has,” she said. Despite signing up to the Paris climate accord, Obama failed to pass major climate crisis legislation. Joe Manchin has become the personification of a problem and removing him doesn’t solve it. It doesn’t give us a bipartisan agreement of the danger we are in. A political culture that allows you to enrich yourself and your family from industries you regulate and not declare a conflict of interest lies beyond Joe Manchin, it’s bigger than just him. Even if American political inertia hasn’t changed, the world certainly has – the last seven years were the planet’s hottest on record, cataclysmic wildfires are now year-round events in the US west and deadly flooding swamps basements in New York, picturesque towns in Germany and subways in China. There is mounting fear that the world, including the US, does not have the time for yet another futile American effort to address the unraveling climate crisis. Unfortunately, politicians getting fossil fuel money are standing in the way and sacrificing the rest of us once again according to Nakate, a climate justice activist from Uganda. Nakate pointed out that Africa was suffering from climate change even though it is responsible for just a small fraction of global emissions. We are so reliant on the choices others make, she said. “Our lives are literally in their hands.”

PART-2: CRITICAL COMMENTARY

THE GLOBAL WARMING ISSUE CAN ONLY BE UNDERSTOOD IN TERMS OF GLOBAL EMISSIONS. CLIMATE SCIENCE SAYS THAT WHAT WE NEED IS A GLOBALLY COORDINATED PROGRAM TO REDUCE GLOBAL FOSSIL FUEL EMISSIONS. THIS IS WHY THE UNITED NATIONS WAS CALLED IN TO PUT TOGETHER THIS GLOBAL PROGRAM. IT WAS THOUGHT THAT SINCE THE UN IS CREDITED WITH HAVING SOLVED THE OZONE DEPLETION ISSUE WITH THEIR MONTREAL PROTOCOL IT WAS THOUGHT THAT IT COULD IMPLEMENT WHAT IS CALLED “THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL FOR THE CLIMATE OR MPFC.

THERE IS NOT MUCH THE USA CAN DO AS A COUNTRY WITHOUT THIS KIND MPFC GLOBAL COORDINATION BECAUSE THE USA IS RESPONSIBLE FOR NO MORE THAN 18% OF GLOBAL FOSSIL FUEL EMISSIONS.

IN RELATED POSTS LINKED BELOW WE SHOW THAT EVEN IF THE USA SIMPLY DISAPPEARED FROM THE EARTH AND THAT 18% OF OUR EMISSIONS WAS SUDDENLY GONE, IT WOULD HAVE NO MEASURABLE OR DETECTABLE IMPACT ON THE RATE OF WARMING.

RELATED POST#1: THE IMPACT OF RISING RENEWABLE ENERGY IMPLEMENTATIONS WORLDWIDE WITH GLOBAL RENEWABLE ENERGY INVESTMENTS OF $2.5 TRILLION CANNOT BE DETECTED IN TERMS OF THE RATE OF WARMING. LINK: https://tambonthongchai.com/2021/02/23/renewable-energy-statistics/

RELATED POST#2: NO IMPACT ON THE RATE OF WARMING OF CLIMATE ACTION TAKEN BY THE WORLD LEADERS IN CLIMATE ACTION IS FOUND IN THE DATA. LINK: https://tambonthongchai.com/2021/09/11/climate-action-leaders/

CONCLUSION: THERE IS NO ROLE FOR THE CLIMATE HEROISM OR THE CLIMATE EVIL OF NATION STATES. THE GLOBAL WARMING IS A GLOBAL ISSUE. THE RESPONSE HAS TO BE GLOBAL. IT IS GLOBAL OR NOTHING. ALL THIS FINGER POINTING AT THE USA HAS NO SUPPORT IN TERMS OF EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE.

CARL SAGAN EXPLAINS: LINK: https://tambonthongchai.com/2022/01/09/carlsaganclimateactionplan/

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Climate change threatening buried UK treasures: LINK TO SOURCE: https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-60091485

PART-1: WHAT THE ARTICLE SAYS

Experts at Roman fort Vindolanda fear that climate change is drying the peat soil that protects ancient objects as the soils that protect them dry out. A Roman toilet seat, the world’s oldest boxing glove, and the oldest handwritten letter by a woman are some of the extraordinary objects discovered in at-risk British peatlands. Archaeologists say that climate change could undermine our understanding of our past. About 22,500 archaeological sites in UK may be in danger. The problem is that changing weather patterns are drying out some peatlands – the waterlogged soils that cover about 10% of the UK. Because peat contains very little oxygen, organic materials like wood, leather and textiles do not rot. They can survive for thousands of years, preserved by the stable anoxic chemistry of the soil. But if the soils dry, oxygen can enter the system, kick-starting the process of decomposition. If that happens artefacts can quickly, rot away. Excavating these potentially huge sites could cost hundreds of millions of pounds and take decades, by which time they may have been badly damaged. A baby’s shoe was preserved for 2,000 years in peat soil. Magna is a Roman fort alongside Hadrian’s Wall. The drying process may already be under way at this site. The land at Magna has subsided by up to a metre in places in the past decade. It is evidence of “desiccation” – the drying of the peat layer. Our warming world is devastating the peatlands and the secrets of the remains of a vast Roman settlement found by archaeologists. Climate change is devastating our history. me capsule” is at risk, he says, because only a tiny part of the site has so far been excavated. Pretty much everything the Romans used here for 300 or 400 years were preserved in peatlands but it is all about to be taken away by climate change. Another fort a few miles along Hadrian’s Wall gives an idea of the astonishing objects that could lie hidden at Magna. Digs at Vindolanda have uncovered the world’s oldest boxing gloves – so well-preserved that you can still see the imprint of the boxer’s knuckles on one. More Roman footwear has been discovered here than at any other site in the world. It is also the source of the oldest handwritten message by a woman found anywhere. In the note, Claudia Severa, the wife of the commanding officer of a nearby fort, invites her friend Lepidina to her birthday party on 11 September about 1,900 years ago. “Oh how much I want you at my birthday party,” writes Claudia. “You’ll make the day so much more fun. I do so hope you can make it. Goodbye, sister, my dearest soul.” A boxing glove was found as well as combs, toys and shoes at the site of Roman forts. A boxing glove was found as well as combs, toys and shoes at the site of Roman forts. Day-to-day objects like this provide a unique connection to the lives of ordinary people in ancient times. They can give us amazing insights into what life was really like here on the Northern frontier of the Roman Empire 2,000 years ago. The priority at Magna now is to try to work out what is happening underground. Boreholes have been dug, and electronic equipment measures the water flow and temperature every hour. Dead bodies of the Rmans have been found in peat soils, like the famous Lindow man discovered in Cheshire. Dr Gillian Taylor is analysing the chemicals in soil cores from the site to try to understand the processes at work whereby climate change is taking these precious artefacts away from us. It would be a catastrophe if any if the peat dries. because then these precious artefacts of history will disappear. We will lose our heritage if we don’t look at what’s occurring now and if we don’t take the needed climate action to stop the drying of the peatlands that is destroying our heritage. The condition of the peat is changing rapidly and the treasures could be lost, a full excavation may be necessary.And changing weather patterns are not just threatening the survival of Roman remains but all 22,500 archaeological sites in the peatlands of the UK. Scientists are assessing the effect of climate change on peatland archaeology across the UK. A host of historic sites in peatlands are under threat by Climate Change. The entire sweep of the country’s history is under threat.There are Palaeolithic pathways up to 12,000 years old, and Bronze Age burial sites as well as the remains of more modern settlements and industrial activities. Peatlands have a massive potential to tell us about our past but that is being taken away from us by Climate Change. The loss of peatlands would have big implications for our understanding of the country’s history and also for our climatic history and our environmental history. We must protect them. The UK is about to lose its heritage. It is being taken away by Climate Change. It is imperative that this process must be stopped.

PART-2: CRITICAL COMMENTARY

THE GOOD NEWS HERE IS THAT CLIMATE FEARMONGERING IS RUNNING OUT OF THE SCARY STUFF AND THEY ARE DOWN TO CRYING ABOUT THE ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE OF THE UK AND THE NEED FOR THE WORLD TO OVERHAUL THEIR ENERGY INFRASTUCTURE FROM FOSSIL FUELS TO RENEWABLES AT A COST OF TRILLIONS AND TRILLIONS OF DOLLARS SO THE UK CAN RETAIN ITS ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE.

YES SIR, GOT IT. WE NEED CLIMATE ACTION TO SAVE THE PEATLANDS AND SAVE THE ROMAN ARTEFACTS IN THE PEATLANDS. YES SIR. WE’RE ON IT.

SCIENTISTS HAVE DETERMINED THAT THEY CAN’T STOP THE NEXT MASS EXTINCTION

LINK TO SOURCE: https://www.ctvnews.ca/climate-and-environment/we-can-t-stop-our-planet-s-next-mass-extinction-event-researchers-say-1.5746554

PART-1: WHAT THE SOURCE ARTICLE SAYS

Not only is Earth in the middle of its next mass extinction event, but it may be too late to undo the harm inflicted upon the planet’s species. This is according to a new study assessing evidence of what it calls an “ongoing extinction event.” The study was published in Biological Reviews, and conducted by biologists from the University of Hawaii and the Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle in Paris. While researchers say that conservation initiatives have been put in place to combat the crisis and protect certain species, the study suggests that the damage has already been done. These initiatives cannot target all species, and they cannot reverse the overall trend of species extinction. A mass extinction event occurred 30M years ago and scientists have only just learned about it. The sixth mass extinction is happening faster than expected. Scientists say it’s our fault. Robert Cowie is the lead author of the study and a research professor at the University of Hawaii at Manoa’s Pacific Biosciences Research Center. He and the study’s co-authors estimate that since the year 1500, as many as 7.5 to 13 per cent of Earth’s two million known species have already gone extinct. That translates to between 150,000 and 260,000 species. These numbers were extrapolated from estimates obtained for land snails and slugs. Including invertebrates was key to confirming that we are indeed witnessing the onset of the Sixth Mass Extinction in Earth’s history,” said Cowie in the press release.According to experts, there have been five mass biodiversity extinction events in Earth’s history, each wiping out between 70 and 95 per cent of plant, animal and microorganism species. The most recent one was 66 million years ago and resulted in the disappearance of dinosaurs. Each was caused by natural phenomena. The idea that the world is confronting yet another mass extinction event isn’t new, with previous studies showing that the rate at which the world’s species are dying out has accelerated in recent decades. Research also suggests this latest crisis is caused entirely by human activities. GREATER IMPACT ON ANIMALS THAN PLANTS: Based on the study, extinction appears to affect different populations of species in different ways depending on their habitat. Although marine species face significant threats, there is no evidence that the crisis is affecting the oceans to the same extent as the land. Additionally, island species, such as those inhabiting the Hawaiian Islands, are more impacted by extinction events than continental species, and the rate of extinction for plant species appears to be lower than that of terrestrial animals. The study analyzes many other investigations into plant extinctions across different regions of the world, noting that such research has generally produced low figures. About 0.55 per cent of the overall flora in Mediterranean Europe has gone extinct, for example, while 2 per cent of the native flora of Europe and Israel has been lost. Researchers also note that while examining studies comparing local extinction rates among taxonomic groups, it appears as though “plants usually have lower extinction rates than invertebrates.”

While this has yet to be demonstrated on a global level, researchers said it’s possible that plants may indeed have a lower rate of extinction than animals.

WHAT NEEDS TO BE DONE?
A mass extinction event generally involves the loss of at least 75 per cent of species. While the study noted that the current ongoing extinction crisis has not yet hit such a high rate of extinction, there is still potential for this to happen in the future, and scientists argue it’s in the process of happening right now.

Going forward, the study’s researchers state that conservation efforts should be maintained in order to prevent further damage to species, and that more research on existing species must be prioritized.

“The biodiversity that makes our world so fascinating, beautiful and functional is vanishing unnoticed at an unprecedented rate,” the study reads. “In the face of a mounting crisis, scientists must adopt the practices of preventive archaeology, and collect and document as many species as possible before they disappear.

“Denying the crisis, simply accepting it and doing nothing, or even embracing it for the ostensible benefit of humanity, are not appropriate options and pave the way for the Earth to continue on its sad trajectory towards a Sixth Mass Extinction.”

PART-2: CRITICAL COMMENTARY

LINKS TO RELATED POSTS ON THE IMPOSSIBILITY OF THE ANTHROPOCENE AND OF HUMAN CAUSED MASS EXTINCTIONS

RELATED POST#1: HUMAN CAUSED MASS EXTINCTION

LINK: https://tambonthongchai.com/2021/11/28/human-caused-mass-extinction/

RELATED POST#2: CLIMATE CHANGE MASS EXTINCTION:

LINK: https://tambonthongchai.com/2021/08/15/climate-change-mass-extinction/

RELATED POST#3: ANTHROPOGENIC MASS EXTINCTION

LINK: https://tambonthongchai.com/2021/02/22/anthropogenic-extinction/

RELATED POST#4: SIXTH MASS EXTINCTION

LINK: https://tambonthongchai.com/2021/02/18/sixth-mass-extinction-2/

RELATED POST#5: END TRIASSIC EXTINCTION

LINK: https://tambonthongchai.com/2018/12/07/ete/

RELATED POST#6: OVERPOPULATION – CLIMATE CHANGE – MASS EXTINCTIONS – WORRY WARTISM

LINK: https://tambonthongchai.com/2010/10/20/overpopulation-to-cause-mass-extinctions/

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

THE FIVE GREAT MASS EXTINCTIONS

SUMMARY OF THE FIVE GREAT EXTINCTION EVENTS PROVIDED BY SAMNOBLE MUSEUM: LINK: https://samnoblemuseum.ou.edu/understanding-extinction/mass-extinctions/end-permian-extinction/

(#1: END PERMIAN) When did it happen?: There were two significant extinction events in the Permian Period. The smaller, at the end of a time interval called the Capitanian, occurred about 260 million years ago. The event at the end of the Permian Period (at the end of a time interval called the Changshanian) was much larger and may have eliminated more than three-quarters of species of marine animals. It happened about 252 million years ago and geological evidence shows that it may have taken no more than 200,000 years. In terms of geological time the extinction occurred quickly. Who became extinct? Important groups of marine animals disappeared at the end-Permian extinctions. Trilobites, which had lived in the oceans for more than 250 million years, were lost, along with tabulate and rugose corals. Reef building in shallow seas stopped for about 14 million years until the middle of the following Triassic Period. At that time, an entirely new group of corals, the stony or scleractinian corals, appeared in the oceans. Although they did not become entirely extinct, rhynchonelliform brachiopods, crinoids, shelled cephalopods and snails also suffered significant losses. On land, primitive synapsids (relatives of mammals) disappeared. Some estimates suggest that up to 70 percent of vertebrate genera were lost. Below are some groups of marine animals that became extinct at the end-Permian event. trilobites, Tabulate corals, Rugose corals, goniatitic cephalopods, Productid brachiopods, cladid crinoids. What caused the extinction? Warming of the Earth’s climate and associated changes to oceans were the most likely causes of the extinctions. At the end of the Permian Period volcanic activity on a massive scale in what is now Siberia led to a huge outpouring of lava. The eruptions also produced carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas that helps warm the planet. The lava flows erupted onto carbon rich rocks like coal and as they were heated by the hot lava, greenhouse gases, including methane, were also produced. The global warming that followed may have increased average ocean water temperatures by as much as 14.5°F (8°C). Much of the carbon dioxide released by the eruptions would have been absorbed by the oceans. High levels of dissolved carbon dioxide in seawater are toxic to many marine invertebrates. Also, the dissolved carbon dioxide would have produced changes in seawater chemistry that may have made it difficult for some marine invertebrates, such as corals, to grow shells or skeletons. If that wasn’t bad enough, there is also geological evidence that the amount of oxygen dissolved in sea water (which invertebrates and fishes breath with their gills) was reduced, probably as a result of changes in ocean circulation.

(#2: END TRIASSIC): When did it happen?: The extinction occurred near the end of the Triassic Period, about 201 million years ago. Who became extinct?: All major groups of marine invertebrates survived the extinction, although most suffered losses. Brachiopods, shelled cephalopods, sponges and corals were particularly hard hit. On land, casualties included the phytosaurs, a group of crocodile-like animals. What caused the extinction?: At the end of the Triassic, the supercontinent of Pangea, which combined all of the modern continents into a single landmass, began to break (rift) apart. As North America separated from Africa and the Atlantic Ocean began to form, volcanic activity on a massive scale introduced carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. This led to global warming and changes to the oceans that were similar to (although not as large) those that occurred at the end-Permian extinction. Reconstruction of Late Triassic global geography: All of today’s continents were combined into the supercontinent of Pangea. Pangea was beginning to break apart. As North America and Africa began to separate there was a vast outpouring of lava. The area of volcanic rocks that formed at this time is shown in yellow. Gases, including carbon dioxide, produced during the eruptions led to global climate change.

(#3: LATE DEVONIAN): When did they happen?: The end-Frasnian extinction happened about 375 million years ago. The oldest of the three extinctions, towards the end of a time interval called the Givetian, occurred about 10 million years before the Frasnian event. The youngest extinction happened near the end of the Devonian period, about 365 million years ago, during a time interval called the Famennian. Who became extinct?: The end-Frasnian extinction was most pronounced in tropical environments, particularly in the reefs of the shallow seas. Reef building sponges called stromatoporoids and corals suffered losses and stromatoporoids finally disappeared in the third extinction near the end of the Devonian. Brachiopods associated with reefs also became extinct. Groups of trilobites disappeared at each of the three extinctions and very few survived into the following Carboniferous Period. Examples of groups of brachiopods and trilobites that became extinct are: Odontopleurid trilobites, Dalmanitid trilobites, Phacopid trilobites, Atrypid brachiopods, Pentamerid brachiopods. How did they happen?: As extinctions were mostly of tropical groups climate change may have been involved, and there is geological evidence for cooling of the global climate at the end-Frasnian event and near the end of the Devonian Period. Cooling may have been caused by a drop in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that helps warm the planet, so if levels fall, cooling will follow. In the Late Devonian, large trees evolved and formed the first forests. As plant life expanded, they used up more carbon dioxide in photosynthesis. When dead plant material decays, carbon dioxide is returned to the atmosphere, but some plant material (e.g., leaves) will be buried in swamps, lakes and rivers. This buried plant material removes carbon permanently from the atmosphere and often forms coal. When we mine coal and burn it we return carbon dioxide to the atmosphere and warm the planet.

(#4: END-ORDOVICIAN): When did it happen?: There were two distinct extinctions roughly a million years apart. The first of these began about 443 million years ago. Together, these extinctions may have removed about 85 percent of species of marine animals. Who became extinct?: All of the major animal groups of the Ordovician oceans survived, including trilobites, brachiopods, corals, crinoids and graptolites, but each lost important members. Widespread families of trilobites disappeared and graptolites came close to total extinction. Examples of fossil groups that became extinct at the end-Ordovician extinction: Trilobite family Trinucleidae, Trilobite family Bathyuridae, Brachiopod genus Thaerodonta, Brachiopod genus Plaesiomys, Graptolite family Climacograptidae, Graptolite family Diplograptidae. What caused the extinction? The evidence indicates that climate change caused the extinctions. A major ice age is known to have occurred in the southern hemisphere and climates cooled world-wide. The first wave of extinctions happened as the climate became colder and a second pulse occurred as climates warmed at the end of the ice age. Reconstruction of Late Ordovician global geography (southern hemisphere), showing the south polar icecap (white). The Ordovician continent of Laurentia corresponds to most of present day North America; Baltica included part of modern western Europe. Gondwana was a super-continent composed of most of the major modern continents.

(#5: END CRETACEOUS): When did it happen?: The extinction occurred at the end of the Cretaceous Period, about 65.5 million years ago. Who became extinct?: In addition to the non-avian dinosaurs, vertebrates that were lost at the end of the Cretaceous include the flying pterosaurs, and the mosasaurs, plesiosaurs and ichthyosaurs of the oceans. Important marine invertebrates also disappeared, including ammonites, groups of cephalopods and some bivalves, such as the reef-building rudists and some relatives of modern oysters. Examples of invertebrate groups that became extinct at the end_Cretaceous event. tes that disappeared at the end-Cretaceous extinction. Ammonite (Cephalopod), gryphaeid oyster (Bivalv), Inoceramid (Bivalve). What caused the extinction?: Several lines of geological evidence indicate that an asteroid that was as much as 10 kilometers (6 miles) in diameter hit the Earth at the end of the Cretaceous Period. This evidence includes an ancient impact crater in the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico (now filled in by younger rocks) that dates to the time of the extinction. The impact would have produced an enormous dust cloud that would have risen up into the atmosphere and encircled the planet. The dust cloud greatly reduced the amount of sunlight reaching the Earth’s surface and prevented photosynthesis by plants on land and plankton in the oceans. As plants and plankton died, extinctions expanded up the food chain, eliminating herbivores and carnivores. If that was not bad enough, dust and debris falling back to Earth was hot and may have triggered widespread wildfires. There is some debate over whether the asteroid was the sole cause of the extinction or whether other factors were also involved. Towards the end of the Cretaceous, volcanic activity in India produced lava flows over a vast area. Some paleontologists and geologists have suggested that gases (e.g., sulfur dioxide; carbon dioxide) released by the volcanoes might have altered the climate. Others point to geological evidence for a fall in sea level that would have reduced the area of shallow seas and, possibly, coastal plains.

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS:

The characteristics of the five mass extinctions described above show that the two essential things that they all have in common are signficant global geological upheaval involving enormous amounts of energy and time scales of millions of years. Humans appeared on earth 66 million years ago and we could have been a creation of the End Cretaceous Extinction event but we surely could not have caused it. Human civilization did not appear until this Holocene interglacial about 8,000 years ago and the industrialization of human civilization did not occur until 100 years ago. The time scale needed for mass extinction events excludes any role for humans and the geological nature of these events also excludes any significant role for humans. That humans are causing a sixth mass extinction in the sequence of the five described above is a fanciful idea of extreme environmentalism but not credible.

It should also be noted that published research papers on the coming of a human caused mass extinction have two things in common – they are published by the same journal (PNAS) and they always include a common co-author (Paul Ehrlich). In terms of Ehrlich’s failed population bomb hypothesis and his obsession with human population and climate change, his interest in the theory of a human caused sixth mass extinction can be understood in terms of his obsession with the imminent end of the humans.

It is possible that the sixth mass extinction idea derives from a need in climate science to inject additional fear into the fear based activism against fossil fuels that is not going well for them. The need for climate change science to include a sixth mass extinction in its fear porfolio is also seen in the way the 5 great mass extinctions are now described. These descriptions include the idea that the planetary scale geological holocaust had increased or decreased atmospheric CO2 and had thereby caused global warming or global cooling – in other words a role for AGW-like climate change is inserted.

We therefore agree with the presentation at the annual meeting of the Geological Society of America by Professor Douglas Erwin that the sixth mass extinction is a fanciful extension of the climate change discussion with imagination but without substance.

OUR OBSESSION WITH A COMING HUMAN CAUSED MASS EXTINCTION IS BEST UNDERSTOOD IN THE CONTEXT OF THE WOKE WORRYWARTISM OF THE WOKE AND ENVIRONMENTISM HUMANS THAT USED TO BE RATIONAL ONCE UPON A TIME.

RELATED POST#7: THE INSIGNIFICANCE OF HUMANS ON A PLANETARY SCALE

LINK: https://tambonthongchai.com/2020/03/30/the-humans-must-save-the-planet/

SUMMARY OF THIS POST:

22/2/2022 UPDATE

YET ANOTHER CLIMATE SCIENCE EXTINCTION SCARE IN THE HEELS OF THE ONES DISCUSSED ABOVE.

LINK TO SOURCE: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/earths-sixth-mass-extinction-begun-argue-researchers/

WHAT THE IFLSCIENCE ARTICLE SAYS

Earth’s Sixth Mass Extinction Has Begun, Argue Researchers. The five previous mass extinction events in our planet’s history have all been caused by dramatic natural phenomena, yet the authors of a new study claim that a sixth great die-off is now in progress and that this time, humans are to blame. Writing in the journal Biological Reviews, the researchers estimate that up to 13 percent of all invertebrate species may have become extinct in the last 500 years, and warn that the onus is now on us to take action in order to avoid a catastrophic decline in biodiversity.According to the authors, the true extent of the current predicament is somewhat masked by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species, which gives the impression that the present rate of species loss remains in line with the background rate. “However, the Red List is heavily biased,” write the researchers. “Almost all birds and mammals but only a minute fraction of invertebrates have been evaluated against conservation criteria. Incorporating estimates of the true number of invertebrate extinctions leads to the conclusion that the rate vastly exceeds the background rate and that we may indeed be witnessing the start of the Sixth Mass Extinction,” they say.To prove their point, the study authors reference a 2015 study on molluscs which concluded that around seven percent of land snail species have become extinct since 1500. Assuming that this figure represents extinction rates for all non-marine invertebrates and that such species outnumber marine invertebrates by about three to one, the researchers calculate that between 7.5 and 13 percent of the two million known species have now disappeared. In absolute figures, this equates to between 150,000 and 260,000 extinctions, which is significantly higher than 882 species listed as extinct by the Red List. Admittedly, this finding is based on a “bold assumption” and has not been definitively verified, yet the researchers nonetheless conclude that a sixth mass extinction event “has surely begun, and is being caused by human activities. While this statement may sound alarming, the authors go on to explain that there is no evidence to suggest that marine species are being affected in the same way as land-based invertebrates, while plants also appear to have been spared from the present crisis. Summing up the need for mankind to assume responsibility for averting this impending disaster, study author Robert Cowie explained that “humans are the only species capable of manipulating the biosphere on a large scale,” and that “we are the only species that has conscious choice regarding our future and that of Earth’s biodiversity. The argument that our actions and their consequences are simply part of the natural evolution of life on Earth, therefore, doesn’t wash with the researchers. On the contrary, Cowie warned that “denying the crisis, accepting it without reacting, or even encouraging it constitutes an abrogation of humanity’s common responsibility and paves the way for Earth to continue on its sad trajectory towards a Sixth Mass Extinction.

CONCLUSION:

CLIMATE SCIENCE FEARMONGERING WITH EXTREME WEATHER, FLOODS, DROUGHTS, POLAR ICE MELT, SEA LEVEL RISE, TROPICAL CYCLONES, HEAT WAVES, AND WILDFIRES, AND SUCH IS NOT WORKING OUT. THE PEOPLE AREN’T SCARED ENOUGH TO LISTEN TO THEM. CLIMATE SCIENCE NEEDS A NEW STRATEGY TO SCARE THE HELL OUT OF US AND TO FINALLY SCARE US INTO BEING MORE OBEDIENT WHEN CLIMATE SCIENTISTS ORDER US TO STOP BURNING FOSSIL FUELS. CAPICHE???

SO PLEASE BE OBEDIENT AND DO WHAT CLIMATE SCIENTISTS TELL US TO DO FOR THEY ARE THE SCIENTISTS AND THEY KNOW ALL ABOUT THINGS LIKE CLIMATE AND MASS EXTINCTIONS.

THANK YOU

BlackRock’s Larry Fink: Climate policies are about profits, not being ‘woke. Investment fund manager says firms that do not plan for a carbon-free future risk being left behind.

Fink said businesses, cities and countries that do not plan for a carbon-free future risked being left behind. He argued that the pursuit of long-term returns was the main driver behind climate policies, “We focus on sustainability not because we’re environmentalists, but because we are capitalists and fiduciaries to our clients.” Yet, West Virginia’s Treasury investment board would no longer use a BlackRock fund, after the fund manager urged companies to cut their carbon emissions to net zero by 2050. Fink wrote that It is through effective stakeholder capitalism that capital is efficiently allocated, companies achieve durable profitability, and value is created and sustained over the long term. Make no mistake, the fair pursuit of profit is still what animates markets; and long-term profitability is the measure by which markets will ultimately determine your company’s success.”

After Fink wrote two years ago that climate risk was an investment risk and that the firm would put sustainability at the heart of its investment decisions, many companies set out plans to become carbon-neutral. BlackRock had previously been criticised for not pushing hard enough on the issue. Last spring, BlackRock reportedly threw its weight behind a shareholder campaign to oust several directors on the board of the US oil giant ExxonMobil to help push the oil company towards a greener strategy.

Fink predicted that the next 1,000 unicorns won’t be search engines or social media companies, they’ll be sustainable, scalable innovators that help the world decarbonise and make the energy transition.

RESPONSE TO LARRY FINK : LINK: https://tambonthongchai.com/2021/02/17/the-market-for-energy/

IF LARRY BELIEVES IN MARKET BASED SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS HE SHOULD SEEK A MARKET BASED SOLUTION TO THE CLIMATE PROBLEM. DETAILS BELOW.

THE MARKET FOR ENERGY PICKS WINNERS AND DRIVES EVOLUTION IN ENERGY TECHNOLOGYIn the history of energy that drove human progress since the Neolithic Revolution from human power, animal power, the invention of the wheel, water wheels, windmills, the combustion of carbon based fuels, and nuclear power, the evolution of energy technology was orderly and progressive. These changes were driven by ideas and innovations in a market economy. The dynamics of a market for energy that selects winners and losers is the evolutionary process that gave us the fossil fueled economy we live in.

However, certain downsides to fossil fuels were identified in the 1960s when smog, oil spills, acid rain, and other environmental issues emerged as serious downsides to fossil fuels from both human welfare and ecology points of view. The 1960s hippie movement against fossil fuels, described in a related post [LINK] was a product of these weaknesses in fossil fuel energy.

These environmental weaknesses of fossil fuels spearheaded the renewable energy movement more than 50 years ago with innovations in wind, solar, tidal, and geothermal energy. However, in the market for energy, even as renewable energy was being developed and implemented, fossil fuels regained the upper hand with technological innovations needed to overcome environmental laws enforced by the newly formed Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The acid rain story, presented in a related post [LINK] , is instructive in this historical context.

These innovations by the fossil fuel industry solved the smog, the acid rain, and oil spill problems and weakened the case against fossil fuels. At the same time, the widespread implementation of renewables revealed their operational weaknesses in terms of intermittency, and power output variability not under human control, the need for fossil fueled backup power, and high maintenance cost. As a result, renewables could not compete with the new improved fossil fuel energy product free of smog and acid rain. Wind, solar, tidal, and geothermal waned and retreated into a near death experience. This left the large and growing environmental movement against fossil fuels in shock because it had seemed for a time that the war against fossil fuels had been won and that clean green renewables were the future of energy.

The rise of fear based climate change environmentalism against fossil fuels is best understood in this context. As described in the related post [LINK] , fear based climate change is preached by climate scientists and activist with horrific predictions of extreme heat, the collapse of polar ice sheets, catastrophic sea level rise, extreme weather in terms of storms, droughts, floods, heat waves, forest fires, mass extinctions, and the collapse of civilization. Even the phraseology to describe global warming and climate change has turned into global heating and climate crisis or climate emergency. The fear is then further extended to the whole of the planet with the assessment that if we continue to burn fossil fuels it will be the end of life on earth and the end of the the planet itself.

At issue is the use of fossil fuels because all of these fearful things are described as the effect of burning fossil fuels. We are told that burning fossil fuels creates CO2 from very old carbon from under the ground that does not belong in today’s atmosphere. And that when this old CO2 is released into the atmosphere it causes atmospheric CO2 to rise [LINK]  and that in turn causes warming (or heating) by way of the greenhouse effect of CO2 . And that therefore, the only solution to the global heating crisis is to take “climate action” and that means to stop using fossil fuels and move the world’s energy infrastructure to wind and solar renewables.

We propose that the interpretation of this argument as a rationale for moving the world’s energy infrastructure from fossil fuels to wind and solar renewables is that there was no rational case for renewables because of their operational drawbacks particularly in terms of intermittency and unreliability. The theory of catastrophic climate change was needed to force the issue with fear based activism against fossil fuels having failed to compete in the market for energy.

Belatedly, after more than two decades of forced implementation of a flawed energy model with fear based activism against fossil fuels, climate science now boasts that the technologies such as TES, PCM, and PHES are currently in development and that these technologies hold the promise of solving the unreliability and intermittency problem of wind and solar renewable energy.

In the context of the history of the cart before the horse forced implementation of wind and solar renewables with fear based activism, the promising developments for reliable wind and solar renewables after the fact reveals the fallacy of forced fear based activism as a method for promoting renewables. A technology still under development and not ready for the market was thus imposed with activism.

This grotesque history of the attempt to force an energy transition with an incomplete and yet undeveloped technology is revealed as yet another criminal failure in a poorly thought out activism against fossil fuels before the alternative energy technology development was complete and before the technology was at hand.

In the context of the admission at this late stage in the climate movement that technologies for reliability of renewables are still in development, the fear mongering lies used to push an incomplete energy technology cannot be understood as business decisions in the contgext of how the economy works. It is, rather, a crime against humanity.

IN THE MARKET ECONOMY, INNOVATERS SHOULD JUST BRING THEIR INNOVATIONS TO THE MARKET WHERE THE MARKET FOR ENERGY WILL SELECT WINNERS AND LOSERS. IN THIS CONTEXT, THE NEED FOR FEAR BASED ACTIVISM AGAINST THE COMPETITION IN THE MARKET FOR ENERGY EXPOSES THE UGLY UNDERSIDE OF CLIMATE CHANGE. THE INNOVATIONS ON OFFER THAT NEED FEAR BASED ACTIVISM TO SELL ARE THUS EXPOSED AS INNOVATIONS THAT CANNOT COMPETE IN THE MARKET FOR ENERGY. QED.

MORE EVIDENCE THAT THE CLIMATE CHANGE MOVEMENT IS NOT A MARKET BASED FINANCE ISSUE IS THE VEHEMENT OPPOSITION BY CLIMATE ACTIVISTS TO THE WAY OUR CAPITALISM ECONOMY WORKS-AS SEEN IN THE LINKED DOCUMENTS BELOW.

LINK#1: https://tambonthongchai.com/2021/09/09/creative-climate-activism/

LINK#2: https://tambonthongchai.com/2021/05/16/grantham-institute-climate-change/

ABSTRACT:

THE PRESENTATION BY THE GRANTHAM INSTITUTE MAKES THE CASE THAT CLIMATE CHANGE IS AN ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUE AND THAT OUR UNDERSTANDING OF FINANCE AND ECONOMICS IS INCOMPLETE AND DANGEROUSLY FLAWED WHEN ECONOMICS IS UNDERSTOOD IN THE ABSENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS.

THIS ARGUMENT IMPLIES THAT CAPITALISM AS PRACTICED IS A DANGEROUS TOOL THAT IS SHORT TERM AND WITH ASSUMPTIONS THAT EXCLUDE NATURE. THE POINT OF THIS PRESENTATION IN THE CLIMATE CHANGE CONTEXT IS THE IMPLICATION THAT CLIMATE CHANGE IS A CREATIION OF CAPITALISM AND THAT THESE KINDS OF THINGS WILL CONTINUE TO HAPPEN IF WE DON’T FIX OUR ECONOMICS SYSTEM AND THAT WE CAN AND MUST FIX OUR ECONOMICS SYSTEM WITH AN ECO WACKO AGENDA INSERTED INTO ECONOMICS AND FINANCE TO INCLUDE NATURE AND THE PLANET BECAUSE WE ARE PART OF NATURE. THESE CHANGES TO OUR ECONOMICS SYSTEM ARE NEEDED SO THAT WE DON’T END UP DESTROYING THE PLANET.

YET WHAT WE SEE TODAY IS THAT EVEN AFTER MORE THAN 400 YEARS OF CAPITALISM AND MORE THAN A CENTURY OF CLASSICAL ECONOMICS WHAT WE FIND IN THE WORLD TODAY IS THAT THE HIGHEST QUALITY OF LIFE ON THE PLANET, LONELINESS OR NO, IS FOUND IN THESE SOCIETIES.

AS FOR THE ASSUMPTION THAT THE POPULATION, WEALTH, POWER, AND REACH OF HUMANS ON THIS PLANET IS NOW SO GREAT THAT THE PLANET HAS REACHED A NEW STATE CALLED THE ANTHROPOCENE WHERE THE WORLD’S NATURAL SYSTEMS ARE AT RISK OF BEING OVERWHELMED AND DESTROYED BY THE ENORMOUS REACH AND POWER OF THE HUMANS THAT NOW CONTOL PLANET, WE NOTE IN A RELATE POST THAT THIS HUMAN CONTROLLED STATE OF THE PLANET IS AN IMPOSSIBILITY.

LINK: https://tambonthongchai.com/2020/03/30/the-humans-must-save-the-planet/

CONCLUSION: NO SUPPORT FOR THE LARRY FINK VIEW THAT CLIMATE CHANGE ACTIVISM IS A MARKET BASED SOLUTION IS FOUND IN THE DETAILS OF WHAT THE CLIMATE MOVEMENT SAYS, HOW THEY OPERATE. FEAR BASED ACTIVISM TO PUSH THROUGH ADMITEDDLY INCOMPLETE RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNLOGIES CANNOT BE UNDERSTOOD AS A MARKET BASED SOLUTION.

THIS POST IS A PRESENTATION OF WHAT BENJAMIN RADFORD AND MANY OTHERS HAVE WRITTEN ABOUT WHAT ARE THOUGHT TO BE CORRECT PREDICTIONS OF NOSTRADAMUS BUT WHAT ARE IN FACT OUR POST HOC INTERPRETATION OF EVENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE QUATRAINS OF NOSTRADAMUS. IT IS NOT POSSIBLE FOR THIS METHODOLOGY TO REVEAL PREDICTION.

IT IS A CASE OF CIRCULAR REASONING WHERE THE QUATRAINS ARE SCANNED TO FIND SOMETHING THAT WOULD FIT AN EVENT THAT HAS ALREADY OCCURRED AND OF WHICH WE WERE NOT FORE-WARNED EX ANTE BY THOSE QUATRAINS BUT THOSE SELECTED QUATRAINS ARE THEN THOUGHT TO FIT SO THAT THOSE QUATRAINS CAN THEN BE PRESENTED IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EVENT AND THEN TAKEN TO BE A CORRECT PREDICTION OF THAT EVENT.

THIS KIND OF MATCHING OF QUATRAINS WITH EVENTS OF WHICH WE WERE NOT FOREWARNED BY THE QUATRAINS BUT FOR WHICH WE COULD FIND QUATRAINS THAT FIT POST HOC CANNOT BE UNDERSTOOD AS PREDICTION BUT AS CONFIRMATION BIAS CIRCULAR REASONING, AS IN RELIGION AND IN CLIMATE SCIENCE. SOME EXAMPLES OF SUCH FAUX PREDICTION ARE PROVIDED BY BENJAMIN RADFORD AND THEY ARE PRESENTED BELOW.

EXAMPLE#1: IT IS CLAIMED THAT NOSTRADAMUS QUATRAINS CORRECTLY PREDICTED THE 9/11/2001 TERRORIST ATTACKS ON THE WORLD TRADE CENTER. YET, WE WERE NOT FOREWARNED OF THESE EVENTS BY THOSE QUATRAINS. POST HOC, AFTER THE EVENT HAD ALREADY OCCURRED, SOME QUATRAINS WERE FOUND THAT COULD BE INTERPRETED IN TERMS OF THE 911 EVENTS. THAT POST HOC COMFIRMATION BIAS FIT IS NOT PREDICTION BUT CIRCULAR REASONING. HERE IS THE QUATRAIN THAT WAS FOUND TO FIT POST HOC: THIS LOGIC IS USED NOT JUST FOR NOSTRADAMUS BUT IS STANDARD PRACTICE FOR THE INTERPRETATION OF PSYCHIC PREDICTIONS BY THE FAITHFUL.

“Two steel birds will fall from the sky on the Metropolis The sky will burn at forty-five degrees latitude. Fire approaches the great new city / Immediately a huge, scattered flame leaps up / Within months, rivers will flow with blood / The undead will roam the earth for little time.

IN THIS EXAMPLE, BEN RADFORD POINTS OUT THAT THE QUOTED QUATRAIN IS ITSELF A FALSEHOOD BECAUSE OF THE USE OF THE WORD “STEEL” ATTRIBUTED TO NOSTRADAMUS BECAUSE STEEL WAS INVENTED 200 YEARS AFTER NOSTRADAMUS HAD PASSED AWAY.

YET ANOTHER QUATRAIN THAT WAS PROPOSED AS A PREDICTION FOR 9/11 WAS THIS ONE: “IN THE CITY OF GOD THERE WILL BE A GREAT THUNDER / TWO BROTHERS TORN APART BY CHAOS WHILE THE FORTRESS ENDURES. THE GREAT LEADER WILL SUCCUMB. THE THIRD BIG WAR WILL BEGIN WHEN THE BIG CITY IS BURNING”. AS IT TURNS OUT NOT JUST THESE VERSES BUT ONCE 9/11 HAD HAPPENED, THE NOSTRADAMUS ZEALONTS HAD FOUND DOZENS NOSTRADAMUS QUATRAINS THAT WERE PROPOSED AS THE PREDICTION OF 911 TERRORIST ATTACKS.

IN HIS BOOK ABOUT NOSTRADAMUS, PETER LEMESURIER POINTS OUT THAT THERE IS A QUATRAIN THAT COULD BE TRANSLATED AS “EARTH SHAKING FLAMES FROM THE WORLD’S CENTER ROAR AND MAKE THE EARTH AROUND A NEW CITY QUIVER. AND THAT TOO COULD BE INTEPRETED IN TERMS OF 9/11 AND AS IT TURNS OUT, NOSTRADAMUS FOLLOWERS HAVE PROPOSED MANY OTHER QUATRAINS AS THE PREDICTION OF 9/11. AS FOR THE “EARTH SHAKING FLAMES”, WHAT WERE THEY? THE EXPLOSIONS FROM THE TWIN TOWERS? AND HOW WAS THE FRENCH PHRASE NEUFVE TRANSLATED TO NEW CITY TO FIT NEW YORK? IT COULD MEAN LOT OF OTHER THINGS AND SO WHAT WE SEE IS A PASSIONATE ZEAL TO FIND AND INTERPRET A QUATRAIN TO FIND A FIT WITH THE 911 EVENT. THIS IS THE ESSENCE OF THE CIRCULAR REASONING ARGUMENT FOR MATCHING EVENTS WITH QUATRAINS POST HOC WHERE HE OBJECTIVE IS TO MATCH QUATRAINS TO EVENTS POST HOC.

THIS KIND OF MATCHING OF QUATRAINS TO EVENTS POST HOC ARE MEANINGFUL TO THE NOSTRADAMUS FAITHFUL BUT THEY CANNOT BE VALIDATED BY NOSTRADAMUS DENIERS BECAUSE DENIERS DO NOT START OUT WITH THE FAITH REQUIRED AND THEY DO NOT FAITHFULLY FOLLOW THE CIRCULAR REASONING AND CONFIRMATION BIAS PROCEDURE NEEDED TO VALIDATE NOSTRASAMUS. THIS CRITICAL VIEW OF NOSTRADAMUS BY NOSTRADAMUS DENIERS CONTAINS SURPRISING PARALLELS WITH THE CRITICAL VIEW OF CLIMATE SCIENCE BY CLIMATE SCIENCE DENIERS.

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TRANSLATION: HOW TO USE THE CHILDREN TO SELL THE CLIMATE

LINK TO SOURCE: https://lifestyle.livemint.com/smart-living/innovation/this-week-in-tech-from-wordle-to-the-new-oneplus-10-111642313534874.html

PART-1: WHAT THE SOURCE ARTICLE SAYS

How do you help your child cope with eco-anxiety? A recent study has revealed that climate change leads to increased anxiety, hopelessness, worry and fear in children. Children are worrying about climate change too. Mumbai-based Sujata Nayak was questioned by her son about what he can do to stop Mumbai from drowning and being submerged in the next 20-30 years. She was stumped, she says, and didn’t know how to respond. Instead, she asked her son where he came across this information. He was researching the impact of pollution on the ozone layer and came across a YouTube video about how cities, including Mumbai, will be submerged eventually. A similar incident occurred in the Bhatia household where 11-year-old Kiara Bhatia asked her unsuspecting mother whether they would run out of water over the next few years. “I didn’t have an answer to that and was flabbergasted to see that she was worried and scared at the same time,” says her mother.Climate change, it turns out, isn’t just scaring adults all over the world. Our children too are aware and educated about the impending doom that the planet will face due to climate change, leaving them worried, scared, anxious and helpless. A December 2021 research study published in the Lancet medical journal confirms as much. According to the study, children and youth across ten countries, including India, were either very worried or moderately worried about the impact of climate change on their lives. Moreover, many of the research respondents, including children, said their feelings about climate change negatively affected their daily lives and functioning; many reported negative thoughts about climate change. Now termed as eco-anxiety, this condition, coupled with dissatisfaction with government responses, is widespread in children and young people in countries worldwide and impacts their daily functioning. Experts talk about managing this anxiety and what parents can do to channel it in their children positively. Is eco-anxiety real? Dr Sanjay Garg, a mental health specialist in Kolkata, says that eco-anxiety, though not a medical diagnosis, is being seen more and more frequently, especially in children. With globalisation, media awareness and easy internet access, the youth are significantly more aware and conscious of the environmental effect on the earth and its future. The sense of loss, hopelessness, and anger due to climate change can thus have a significant effect on children’s mental health. Dr Meghna Singhal, a PhD in clinical psychology a certified positive parenting coach, says that climate change can affect the entire developmental trajectory of a child. In early childhood, children are vulnerable to environmental stressors, and the resulting physical health problems can interact with and increase vulnerability for mental health issues. In adolescence, adverse environmental events can compromise mental health resilience. If you go to a hill station and you wake up to clear skies, your mental state is different as opposed to waking up to a smog-filled day in any metro city, accoring to Dr Debmita Dutta, a parenting consultant. She further illustrates a picture of how, when the environment is affected, our mental health gets impacted. We may choose to ignore what’s going on in our external environment and choose to move on with our lives, but the impact is here to stay. There are now contaminants present everywhere, in the air, food and water. Before we know it, it will affect the energy levels in our body and affect our productivity, motivation and enthusiasm levels. The study throws light on an important issue, on which there has been surprisingly little research. The study offers evidence on how the effects of climate change place children at risk of mental health consequences, including PTSD, depression, anxiety, phobias, sleep disorders, attachment disorders, and substance abuse. It is important to remember that a single climate event does not lead to mental health consequences but rather, it is the additive and cumulative effects of adverse environmental stressors that can compromise children’s mental health. Managing eco-anxiety in youth requires multi-stakeholder input. “Governmental policies, societal responsibility and large corporations can play a major role in leading efforts for climate change. Visible and sustained initiatives are required to allay fears of eco-anxiety,” he states.On the other hand, Dr Dutta has a different point of view. According to her, using positive reinforcements to address the anxiety can help channel it for a better purpose. “Anxiety stems from the need to change one’s circumstances. If we push our children to take action and change the existing scenario in even small ways, their anxiety will be managed better. We need to teach them to take small actions and not think that taking care of the environment is someone else’s job.” She says that cultivating a holistic perspective and teaching kids about the ‘Power Of One’ can make a huge difference. “They should see how one person can bring about change. Also, parents must remember that children are the agents of change and at no point should they absorb our helplessness. We should always empower them and tell them that they can change anything and everything. Parents play an essential role in raising environmental crusaders children. Managing eco-anxiety entails taking proactive steps. Eco-anxiety really happens because a person feels empathy and compassion for what they witness in the world as er inculcate eco-friendly habits from an early age. We must teach our children not to waste water brushing teeth and reuse and recycling items such as clothes and toys. We must show them the way by being meticulous about segregating garbage, not wasting food, taking public transport, avoiding over-packaged products, and so on. We must educate our chldren and encourage them to seek environmentally sustainable change.

PART-2: CRITICAL COMMENTARY

HERE WE HAVE YET ANOTHER PIECE OF EVIDENCE THAT THE CLIMATE ACTION MOVEMENT AGAINST FOSSIL FUELS BEING WAGED BY CLIMATE SCIENTISTS IS NOT GOING WELL AS SEEN FOR EXMPLE IN THE FAILURE OF THE COP26 AND THE SO CALLED “PARIS AGREEMENT” DESCRIBED IN RELATED POSTS ON THIS SITE:

LINK#1: https://tambonthongchai.com/2022/01/18/how-to-make-human-civilization-sustainable/

LINK#2: https://tambonthongchai.com/2022/01/01/did-climate-change-die-at-glasgow/

LINK#3: https://tambonthongchai.com/2021/06/05/the-paris-agreement/

IN THEIR DESPERATION, CLIMATE SCIENCE HAS FOUND THAT IT IS EASIER TO SCARE CHILDREN AND SO THE CLIMATE MOVEMENT USES CHILDREN IN THIS WAY IN THEIR FAILED CLIMATE ACTION MOVEMENT AGAINST FOSSIL FUELS AS SEEN IN THE DOCUMENT LINKED BELOW.

LINK#4: https://tambonthongchai.com/2021/04/28/the-new-climate-science/

QUESTION:

If we fail to prevent the worst consequences of climate change and biodiversity loss could society, or at least humanity, realistically survive? What technologies would be needed and what would life be like?

MY ANSWER

What we need here is not technologies but a sufficient dose of rational thought for humans to come down to earth from their God like self image. We just live here. We are not the operaters or managers of the planet and we don’t run the climate system either. What on earth has happened to once rational and intelligent humans? Where did this God like self image come from?

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